PD-L1(Programmed death ligand 1)は、PD-1(Programmed death receptor-1)と呼ばれる抑制性の免疫チェックポイント受容体に対するリガンドであり、がん細胞や免疫細胞を含む様々な細胞で発現します。がん細胞および免疫細胞におけるPD-L1の発現は様々な要因に左右され、経時的に変化するとともに、腫瘍の種類、組織型、部位および治療の種類によって異なります。
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